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Descriptors:
Health Needs; Mental Health; Questionnaires; Urban Areas; Population Education; Family Programs; Mental Health Programs; Preschool Children; Mental Disorders; Parent Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Check Lists; Behavior Problems; Scores

Abstract:
There is increasing awareness of mental health problems among young children, and early years settings are encouraged to take a wider family support role in order to prevent mental health difficulties. Local population studies are needed to inform delivery of universal through to targeted services. In the current study, parents and teachers of 2% of early years children in one inner city local authority were contacted. A one-stage survey was undertaken using the Early Years Behaviour Checklist (EYBC) and questions ascertaining services required. Questionnaires were distributed in appropriate languages to parents and teachers of 364 children. About 362 teacher questionnaires and 177 parent questionnaires were returned. Detailed analysis of the teacher questionnaires demonstrated that 11% (40) of the children scored in the abnormal range on the EYBC for possible behaviour problems. Just under half of parents returned questionnaires, and 11.9% (21) of the children were scored in the abnormal range for possible behaviour problems. This study indicates that the mental health needs of children under 5 in this inner city sample were broadly in keeping with the national figures. Implications for service delivery are discussed. (Contains 6 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Population Education; Human Geography; Social Studies; Population Trends; Conflict; Agriculture; History; Sex Role; Mortality Rate; Natural Resources; Course Content; Teaching Methods

Abstract:
The study of world population integrates so many themes and disciplines in the social studies because it encompasses all of human history--the rise of agriculture and civilizations, scientific progress, territorial conflicts, changing gender roles and more. It is also at the heart of human geography and how people came to dominate and alter the land and seas. In this modern age, where people have the ability to control fertility and reduce mortality, population studies involve personal choices, education, economics, social and cultural norms and politics. Learning about how the world's population grew to seven billion helps students understand contemporary challenges and discuss dwindling global resources. (Contains 4 notes and 4 online resources.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Population Education; Females; Learning Disabilities; Cancer; Screening Tests; Publications; Health Education

Abstract:
As people with learning disabilities now live longer, they will experience the same age-related illnesses as the general population and cancer is a prime example of this. In women, cancer screening is used to detect early on-set of cancer of the breast and abnormalities of the cervix which might, if left untreated, develop into cancer. Disappointingly, the literature on cancer screening in women with learning disabilities consistently reports that cancer screening up-take is lower in this population compared to women in the general population. This paper presents a review of 35 articles relating to breast cancer, breast cancer screening and breast awareness in women with learning disabilities. Relevant papers and book chapters were located by searching a number of databases and undertaking hand searches, and includes publications from 1997 to 2007. The studies located ranged from localised health initiatives to improve breast awareness and breast screening up-take, to population studies. Although more is being published on cancer in people with learning disabilities there is still a paucity of literature on breast screening amongst women with learning disabilities. This review therefore, up-dates current knowledge on breast cancer incidence and breast awareness whilst critically reviewing studies specifically focusing on breast screening in women with learning disabilities. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Scientific Research; Mathematical Models; Entomology; Biology; Population Education; Simulation; Teaching Methods; Experiments; Higher Education

Abstract:
The simplest age-structured population models update a population vector via multiplication by a matrix. These linear models offer an opportunity to introduce mathematical modeling to students of limited mathematical sophistication and background. We begin with a detailed discussion of mathematical modeling, particularly in a biological context. We then describe Bugbox-population, a virtual insect laboratory that allows students to make observations and collect quantitative data easily, thereby learning mathematical modeling in the context of its use in scientific research. Creating a mathematical model for boxbugs involves the same intellectual work as creating a mathematical model for real insects, but without the difficulties involved in collecting real biological data. The analysis of the Bugbox-population data leads to the development of the eigenvalue problem for population projection matrices. (Contains 5 figures and 6 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Population Education; Global Education; Population Trends; Numbers; International Relations; Hunger; Natural Sciences; Humanities; Social Studies; Immigration; Teaching Methods; Lesson Plans; Diseases; Interdisciplinary Approach; Correlation

Abstract:
Population trends--birth and death rates, immigration patterns, sex ratios, and life expectancies--are one of the most important issues facing the international community. These trends' relationship to the world economy, the environment, and developing countries' ability to meet the needs of growing populations is a topic appropriate for the social studies classroom. Moreover, population trends are strongly correlated with other vital issues in international relations, such as world hunger, the spread of infectious diseases, the vitality of numerous political and religious movements, and the development of democracies throughout the world. The study of population is directly linked with all of the social studies, in addition to science, technology, mathematics, and the humanities. Therefore, designing lesson plans centered on population issues is an excellent way to fuse the social studies with other disciplines and show students the connections between the social and natural sciences and the direct relevance of these sciences to their lives. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Population Education; Physical Activities; Females; Risk; Diaries; Human Body; Males; Adults; Heart Disorders; Epidemiology; Measurement Equipment; Data Analysis; Foreign Countries

Abstract:
The aim of this study was to summarize both practical and methodological issues in using pedometers to assess physical activity in a large epidemiologic study. As part of a population-based survey of cardiovascular disease risk factors, physical activity was assessed using pedometers and activity diaries in 775 men and women ages 25-64 years who were residents of Burnie, Tasmania, 1998-99. Common data problems were classified by type. The frequency of each problem and the methods used to identify it are reported along with strategies to correct or prevent each problem type. Pedometer data from 15 (1.9%) participants could not be used due to errors in completing the pedometer protocol. Among 760 participants with usable data, the median number of steps was 9,729 for men and 10,388 for women. Pedometer steps per day were modestly correlated (r = 0.20, p less than 0.0001) with the duration of pedometer wear, which ranged from 4.50 to 21.75 hr. Adjustment for wear time, however, did not alter observed correlations between pedometer steps and cardiovascular risk factors. The authors conclude that pedometers can be used in large population studies with a relatively low frequency of data errors. However, guidelines for consistent data collection and interpretation are needed. (Contains 4 tables and 2 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Population Growth; Population Trends; Policy Analysis; Policy Formation; Global Approach; Developing Nations; Population Education; Context Effect; Political Attitudes; Convergent Thinking; Critical Theory; Foreign Countries; Politics of Education

Abstract:
The world is increasingly characterised by profound income, health and social inequalities (Appadurai, 2000). In recent decades development initiatives aimed at reducing these inequalities have been situated in a context of increasing globalisation with a dominant neo-liberal economic orthodoxy. This paper argues that neo-liberal globalisation contains inherent contradictions regarding choice and uniformity. This is illustrated in this paper through an exploration of the impact of neo-liberal globalisation on population policies and programmes. The dominant neo-liberal economic ideology that has influenced development over the last few decades has often led to alternative global visions being overlooked. Many current population and development debates are characterised by polarised arguments with strongly opposing aims and views. This raises the challenge of finding alternatives situated in more middle ground that both identify and promote the socially positive elements of neo-liberalism and state intervention, but also to limit their worst excesses within the population field and more broadly. This paper concludes with a discussion outlining the positive nature of middle ground and other possible alternatives. (Contains 1 note.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Population Growth; Internet; Web Sites; Human Geography; Population Education; Census Figures; Social Studies; Lesson Plans; Teaching Methods

Abstract:
Most researchers and the Census Bureau expect the U.S. population to hit the 300 million mark sometime in October. This will make the United States the world's third most populous nation--behind China and India. In this article, the author found several websites dealing with the specific 300 million target, population growth in general, and teaching about population. Several of the sites he reviewed, such as Population Connection (formerly Zero Population Growth), have very definite views on population, which he have tried to identify in the description. Furthermore, some of the sites that feature lesson plans and other teacher or student resources do not have anything specifically on the 300 million date, but he included them because the resources and lessons can be applied to the target date by teachers and students. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Comparative Analysis; Population Education; Immigrants; Student Attitudes; Population Trends; Secondary School Students; Questionnaires; Knowledge Level; Cultural Awareness; Multivariate Analysis

Abstract:
In 1996-1997, within the framework of the European Observatory for Population Education and Information, a comparative survey was conducted among students in final classes of secondary education in several European countries. On the one hand, the survey attempted to assess the effects of education on population in terms of knowledge acquired; the issues addressed in the questionnaire pertained to knowledge of demographic facts and trends (such as the ageing of Western societies and immigration). On the other hand it tried to ascertain students' opinions on demographic trends. What are young people's views on intergenerational solidarity, how tolerant are they towards immigrants, what are their views on recent changes in family structures? This knowledge is important since it is young people's attitudes and future behaviour that will help to shape both the social tissue and the economic prosperity of the European and world population. This article presents a comparative analysis of survey results obtained in five European countries. It examined the question whether knowledge acquired in the course of scolarisation influences opinions. The results evidence a significant relationship between knowledge of the migrants' issue and attitudes of tolerance towards migrants. By means of multivariate analyses, the impact of factors such as social origin, study orientation and gender on both students' knowledge and attitudes, are investigated. It is concluded that adequate educational training on population issues can have a significant positive impact on attitudes of tolerance. (Contains 5 tables, 3 figures, and 8 endnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Demography; Social Problems; College Faculty; Foreign Countries; Educational Trends; Labor Market; Labor Needs; Aging (Individuals); Human Resources; Labor Economics; Teacher Shortage; Population Education

Abstract:
Like other OECD nations, Australia is facing a crisis in the academic staff of its universities over the next two decades. This is a function of several factors, among which demographic elements are especially significant. The academic workforce of Australia is characterized by three distinct demographic features--age heaping, a concentration in older ages, and gender imbalance. The first two are a result of rapid expansion in the late 1960s and 1970s when the numbers of students expanded exponentially with the passage of the post-war baby boom cohorts into the university entrance ages and greatly increased participation rates. This, together with increases in student/staff ratios and perhaps the increased attractiveness of alternative vocations, has created a dearth of young academics. The impending and actual retirement of the bulge means that there will be a tightening of the academic labor market and an increase in demand for university staff unprecedented for three decades. This will occur in a context where the number of Australian graduates moving to foreign universities is increasing rapidly as a result of further internationalization of the labor market. Some of the challenges and opportunities that this presents are discussed. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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