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Pub Date: |
2013-07-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Information Analyses; Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Outcomes of Education; Young Children; Brain; Educational Objectives; Educational Experience; Early Childhood Education; Child Care; Educational Quality; Violence; Child Abuse
Abstract:
The current paper highlights the few studies that examine the role of early care and education on the developmental and early academic outcomes of children who experience maltreatment. First, we argue that children who experience maltreatment are at significant risk for poor developmental outcomes as a result of the chronic exposure to stress that is typical of this population. Recent evidence emphasizing the effects of stress on brain development is discussed. Next, the role of quality early care and education (ECE) experiences for children receiving services from child protective agencies are explored, underscoring three particular studies that examine the early educational experiences of children who receive child protective services as a result of maltreatment or exposure to violence. Finally, we focus on current approaches to improve the outcomes of children who experience maltreatment, within the context of ECE, and the implications for future research. Overall, this review serves as a call for international research efforts to explore the role of ECE on the developmental and early educational outcomes of this vulnerable population of children.
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Author(s): |
Aydarova, Olena |
Source: |
Journal of Studies in International Education, v17 n3 p284-302 Jul 2013 |
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Pub Date: |
2013-07-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Journal Articles; Reports - Research |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Content Analysis; Teacher Educators; Educational Practices; Teacher Education; Teacher Education Curriculum; Interviews; News Reporting; Cultural Context; Student Role; Outcomes of Education; Models; Reputation; Curriculum Implementation; Language of Instruction; International Cooperation; English (Second Language); Second Language Learning; Semitic Languages
Abstract:
By examining why nations borrow policy discourses, research on transfer has overlooked the implementation of transferred educational practices, models, or curricula. This study attempts to bridge this gap by examining the transfer and implementation of teacher education curricula in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Based on interviews with teacher educators and administrators and document analysis of college materials and newspaper articles, the study shows that the significant actors' interpretations of the local culture, context, and students' abilities play a central role in modifying, reducing, or substituting the transferred curriculum. These findings raise questions whether transfers lead to the outcomes that nations engaging in them expect to gain. The study reveals that the choice of a model deals less with the intended outcomes but more with the nation's symbolic orientations of political and economic alliances, as well as their pursuit of power and prestige. (Contains 2 notes.)
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Pub Date: |
2013-01-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Journal Articles; Reports - Research |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Academic Achievement; Student Attitudes; Peer Relationship; Grade 5; Learner Engagement; Role; Socialization; Correlation; Outcomes of Education; Peer Influence; Longitudinal Studies; Surveys; Elementary School Students; Institutional Characteristics; Individual Characteristics; Family Characteristics
Abstract:
During adolescence, peer groups present an important venue for socializing school-related behaviors such as academic achievement and school engagement. While a significant body of research emphasizes the link between a youth's immediate peer group and academic outcomes, the current manuscript expands on this idea, proposing that, in addition to smaller peer groups, within each school exists a school-wide peer culture that is comprised of two components (a relational and a behavioral component), each of which is related to individual academic outcomes. The relational component describes the aggregate of students' perceptions of the quality of peer relationships within each school. The behavioral component is an aggregate representation of students' actual behaviors in regard to academic tasks. We used data from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development, which surveyed 1,718 5th grade students (45.9% male, 51.4% White, 17.8% Hispanic, 7.6% African American) in 30 schools, to explore the idea that, during adolescence, the relational and behavioral components of a school's peer culture are related to students' academic achievement and school engagement. Results suggested that above and beyond a variety of individual, familial, peer, and school characteristics that have previously been associated with academic outcomes, aspects of behavioral peer culture are associated with individual achievement while components of both relational and behavioral peer culture are related to school engagement. Implications for future research are discussed.
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Pub Date: |
2013-03-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Journal Articles; Reports - Research |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Educational Quality; Models; Stakeholders; Employer Attitudes; Questionnaires; Outcomes of Education; Resources; Sustainable Development; Educational Finance; Employment Potential; Training; College Graduates; Achievement; Research and Development; Theory Practice Relationship
Abstract:
The present paper proposes a theoretical model of institutional quality of a higher education institution (HEI) which, in addition to the internal dimensions of quality, incorporates also the external dimension, i.e. the outcomes dimension. This dimension has been neglected by the quality standards and models examined in our paper. Furthermore, the standards and models analyzed consider stakeholders as one of the quality factors of a HEI. The stakeholders' perspective is seen as a lens through which stakeholders define, control and assess the quality of a HEI. The proposed model therefore gives stakeholders greater significance compared to the dimensions of institutional quality of a HEI. The model has been validated from the employers' perspective. On the basis of 339 completed questionnaires or a 39.74% response rate we concluded that outcomes constitute the most important dimension of institutional quality of a HEI from the perspective of employers in Slovenia. The outcomes dimension is followed, in descending order, by the non-financial resources and inputs, sustainable development, value chain, and, finally, the financial resources and inputs dimensions. The results of the study have shown that of the 44 quality factors of a HEI the following data are of key importance to employers: information on the participation of students in practical training, achievements of graduates at the workplace, implementation of a HEI's research achievements in practice, graduate employability, and a HEI's responsiveness to the demands and changes in the environment.
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