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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Awards; Ethics; Foreign Countries; Humanities; Educational Change; Educational Policy; Commercialization; Marketing; Newspapers; Reputation; Institutional Characteristics; Educational Strategies; Educational Objectives; News Reporting

Abstract:
This paper argues that the "Times Higher" provides a powerful tool for understanding the changing character of UK higher education (HE) and can usefully be seen as representative, and in some ways constitutive, of that changing character. Drawing on an analysis of a sample of stories from the "Times Higher," it documents the changing policy climate of UK HE from 1979 to 2010. It offers a broadly chronological account of themes that have emerged as prominent at different times during this period, pointing, "inter alia," to fears about threats to the humanities, the rise of various forms of instrumentalism and the incorporation of HE institutions and agencies into a common mindset characterised by a preoccupation with marketing and corporate success. The last of these is embodied in the changing format of the newspaper itself and in its own activities as a key player in the HE sector, notably as a sponsor of university rankings and awards. Whilst being sensitive to countervailing tendencies, the authors suggest that the growing instrumentalisation of HE and related cultural shifts represent a changed "structure of feeling" in UK HE. They conclude that the university rankings, awards and other image commodities that are a key part of this changed structure of feeling now play such a substantial role in the cultural life of universities that the norms of both rationality and professional ethics which tended to prevail in deliberations about university strategy 30 years ago may no longer be taken for granted. (Contains 82 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Child Abuse; Violence; Physical Education; Youth; News Reporting; Catholics; Sexual Abuse; Sexual Harassment; Disclosure; Churches; Criticism; Moral Values; History; Athletics; Child Welfare; Child Safety

Abstract:
When the sexual abuse of children is revealed, it is often found that other nonabusing adults were aware of the abuse but failed to act. During the past twenty years or so, the concealment of child sexual abuse (CSA) within organizations has emerged as a key challenge for child protection work. Recent events at Pennsylvania State University (PSU) received unprecedented media coverage and many commentators observed similarities with the abuse scandals in organized religion. Drawing upon Pierre Bourdieu's critique of the Catholic Church, this article problematizes the emphasis on the moral failings of individual elites, arguing that concealment of CSA is an historical feature of organized sport. It concludes that the emergence of child protection agendas in sport must be accompanied by more reflexive analyses about youth-sport if we are to significantly improve our capacity to safeguard children and young people from sexual violence within sport and physical education contexts. (Contains 1 note.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Safety; News Media; Autism; Internet; Immunization Programs; Expertise; Intention; News Reporting; Undergraduate Students; Information Sources; Correlation

Abstract:
Controversy surrounding an autism-vaccine link has elicited considerable news media attention. Despite being widely discredited, research suggests that journalists report this controversy by presenting claims both for and against a link in a relatively "balanced" fashion. To investigate how this reporting style influences judgments of vaccine risk, we randomly assigned 320 undergraduate participants to read a news article presenting either claims both for/against an autism-vaccine link, link claims only, no-link claims only or non-health-related information. Participants who read the balanced article were less certain that vaccines are safe, more likely to believe experts were less certain that vaccines are safe and less likely to have their future children vaccinated. Results suggest that balancing conflicting views of the autism-vaccine controversy may lead readers to erroneously infer the state of expert knowledge regarding vaccine safety and negatively impact vaccine intentions. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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News Reporting; Foreign Countries; Criticism; Scientific Literacy; Natural Disasters; Science Instruction; Mass Media; Scientific Concepts; Geology; Social Problems; Science Curriculum; Grade 6; Grade 9; Teaching Methods; Energy; Risk

Abstract:
This article discusses using students' analysis of media coverage of the March 2011 Japanese earthquake, tsunami and nuclear events to develop their knowledge and understanding of geological concepts and related socio-scientific issues. It draws on news reported at that time, identifies themes in those reports, and suggests how this event can be used as a context for learning and teaching part of the Australian curriculum (science) in Year 6 and Year 9. Critical analysis of the media coverage enhances students' scientific literacy, in particular synthesis, evaluation and analysis. Ideas for classroom implementation are discussed. (Contains 1 table.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Foreign Countries; News Reporting; Rural Areas; Well Being; Older Adults; Aging (Individuals); Rural Population; Rural Sociology; Community Services; Community Change; Social Environment; Local Issues; Case Studies; Volunteers; Misconceptions; Theories; Discourse Analysis

Abstract:
This paper examines voluntarism as a response to the challenges faced by people growing old in rural communities that are themselves being transformed in fundamental ways, both socially and demographically. Informed by evolving theorisations within the rural aging and geographies of voluntarism literatures, we outline the key processes in space and consequent impacts in place that have affected the experience of growing old in rural communities. We identify the changes in service systems that have led to concerns about "vulnerable people in vulnerable places" and explore this idea in regional contexts ranging from the agricultural heartland to the resource hinterland of Canada. We argue that a distinction needs to be made between the impacts of long and short cycles of change flowing across rural space and attention paid to voluntarism as a critical process at the intersection of broad shifts in service and settlement systems and particular changes in rural communities. Specifically, we suggest that the "local dynamics of voluntarism" involving the activities of voluntary organisations, community groups and individual volunteers in particular communities can be understood, at once, as a "barometer of change", a "mechanism of adjustment" and a "space of resistance", and we draw on recent case studies of rural voluntarism to illustrate this three-part distinction. In considering the transformative potential of voluntarism for the experience of aging in place, our findings suggest that public discourse, as reflected in media coverage, tends to romanticise voluntarism at the expense of a more nuanced and critical appreciation of its importance to the future of aging rural communities and their elderly residents. The research raises timely questions about academic-versus-popular conceptions of aging in evolving rural spaces and changing rural places. (Contains 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Arabs; Muslims; Internet; Role; Web Sites; Computer Mediated Communication; Electronic Publishing; News Reporting; Politics; Self Concept

Abstract:
In this article, I draw on contemporary theorizing on the concept of face (e.g., Ting-Toomey 1994, 2004; Tracy 2008) and research on Islamic and Arabic cultures and linguistic strategies (e.g., Beeman 1986; Hegland 1998; Wilce 2005; Al Zidjaly 2006) to explore the role that the Internet plays in enabling Muslim Arabs to manage or save their collective face online. I do so by examining the responses that Muslim Arabs from various nationalities and backgrounds post to the website of Al Jazeera, the noted Arabian political news agency, with regard to articles that attack their identity as Muslims. I identify three strategies that enable Muslim Arabs who post to the Al Jazeera website to productively engage in discussion and save collective face--self-praise, West-attack, and self-attack. In this study, I focus on the most widely-used strategy--self attack and demonstrate how self-attack is best understood as a form of "reasonable hostility" (Tracy 2008) in this particular online discussion forum because it saves collective face in a culturally--and contextually--appropriate way. The paper contributes toward developing a grounded practical theory of face (Craig 1989; Craig & Tracy 1995, 2008), to conceptualizing facework online as identity work, and to investigating identity construction at the group level. (Contains 5 notes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Educational Games; Video Games; Science Interests; Community; Science Education; Science and Society; Creationism; Evolution; Computer Games; Computer Assisted Instruction; Instructional Design; Learner Engagement; News Reporting; Internet; Computer Simulation

Abstract:
The 2008 commercial video game "Spore" allowed more than a million players to design their own life forms. Starting from single-celled organisms players played through a caricature of natural history. Press coverage of the game's release offer two frames for thinking about the implications of the game. Some scientists and educators saw the game as a troubling teacher of intelligent design, while others suggested it might excite public interest in science. This paper explores the extent to which these two ways of thinking about the game are consistent with what players have done with the game in its online community. This analysis suggests that, at least for the players participating in this community, the game has not seduced them into believing in intelligent design. Instead the activities of these players suggest that the game has played a catalytic role in engaging the public with science. These findings indicate that designers of educational games may wish to consider more deeply tensions between prioritizing accuracy of content in educational games over player engagement. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Terrorism; Mass Media Role; Crime; Fear; Telephone Surveys; News Reporting; Risk; Credibility; Correlation

Abstract:
Several authors have proposed that media hype elevates perceptions of risk and fear of crime. Research suggests that fear of crime is related to the overall amount of media consumption, resonance of news reports, how much attention the individual pays to the news, and how credible he or she believes it to be. The present study examines whether the same applies for terrorism. We use telephone survey data (N = 532) of New Yorkers and Washingtonians to test whether perceived risk and fear of terrorism are associated with several media-related variables. We find that exposure to terrorism-related news is positively associated with perceived risk of terrorism to self and others and with fear for others, but not for self. (Contains 2 notes and 5 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Language Variation; North American English; Computational Linguistics; Language Styles; Grammar; News Reporting; Academic Discourse; Writing (Composition); Diachronic Linguistics; English; Transfer of Training; Linguistic Input; Geographic Location; Proximity; Cultural Influences; Foreign Countries; English (Second Language); Second Language Learning; Cultural Context

Abstract:
This paper reports on a comprehensive corpus-based study of regional and stylistic variation in the distribution of the English present perfect. The data represents ten English varieties of both the Inner Circle and Outer Circle, covering four major text types: conversation, news reportage, academic and fictional writing. The results are discussed in light of the finding that the present perfect has been losing ground to the preterit since Late Modern English, a tendency which is possibly influenced by a process of colloquialization and which is most prominent in American English. The study shows that the distribution of the present perfect (along with the preterit) in most of the English varieties investigated can be placed on a continuum with British English (BrE) and American English (AmE) lying at its two opposite ends. The findings are suggestive of the influence of a combination of various factors including substrate transfer, different degrees of colloquialization, historical input, and geographical and cultural proximity. (Contains 9 figures, 2 notes and 6 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Student Attitudes; Ethnography; Transformative Learning; Lifelong Learning; News Reporting; Foreign Countries; Comparative Analysis; Reflection; Longitudinal Studies; Student Experience; Student Motivation; Career Choice; Career Education; Transitional Programs; Developmental Studies Programs; Education Work Relationship; College Outcomes Assessment; Outcomes of Education; Adjustment (to Environment)

Abstract:
The intensity of provision of transnational education (TNE) in the Asian region by Australian universities has been increasing over the past three decades. Although much is claimed, little is actually known about the outcomes and opinions of students enrolled in TNE programs. This article investigates student experiences through the longitudinal extension of an ethnographic study of one TNE program in Singapore. Student motivations, career paths, and adaptations are considered in the context of "second chance" and lifelong learning in Singapore. Analysis reveals something of a good news story in the face of much negativity about transnational education at the current time. The study reveals that TNE students are achieving high-level positional outcomes and developing transformative learning habits. Recommendations are made for the use of global comparative studies in TNE programs to facilitate mutual learning through respect for local knowledge. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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