Your search found 1898 results.

Descriptors:
Academic Discourse; Critical Literacy; Ethnography; Play; Nonfiction; Young Children; History; History Instruction; Reader Text Relationship; Imagination; Creativity; Emergent Literacy; Literacy; Writing Instruction

Abstract:
This article examines the relationship between literacy and play in six- and seven-year-olds' engagement with non-fiction writing. I draw from a year-long ethnographic study (Erickson, 1986) of a US classroom's "writing time", intentionally structured on children's own interests and enquiries. Rather than strict adherence to monolithic models described in the school region's mandated curriculum and assessments, the children treated genres as porous and used writing as a tool for multi-modal play. In authoring and interacting with non-fiction texts, they blended "real" and "imaginary" worlds as they communed with historical figures on their own terms. Children used play to enquire into and manipulate the parameters of non-fiction, authoring their relationships with knowledge in the process. Through their exchanges with one another, children became familiar with non-fiction topics. At the same time, their play positioned conventional academic discourses as being open to transformation. This article makes an argument for a more synergistic conception of "serious" and "playful" authoring practices, and for the role of play as a component of critical literacy. (Contains 5 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Probability; Sentences; Computer Assisted Testing; Diagnostic Tests; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Inferences; Imagination; Responses; Context Effect; Language Processing; Cloze Procedure

Abstract:
People can establish whether a sentence is hypothetically true even if what it describes can never be literally true given the laws of the natural world. Two event-related potential (ERP) experiments examined electrophysiological responses to sentences about unrealistic counterfactual worlds that require people to construct novel conceptual combinations and infer their consequences as the sentence unfolds in time (e.g., "If dogs had gills..."). Experiment 1 established that without this premise, described consequences (e.g., "Dobermans would breathe under water ...") elicited larger N400 responses than real-world true sentences. Incorporation of the counterfactual premise in Experiment 2 generated similar N400 effects of propositional truth-value in counterfactual and real-world sentences, suggesting that the counterfactual context eliminated the interpretive problems posed by locally anomalous sentences. This result did not depend on cloze probability of the sentences. In contrast to earlier findings regarding online comprehension of logical operators and counterfactuals, these results show that ongoing processing can be directly impacted by propositional truth-value, even that of unrealistic counterfactuals. (Contains 2 tables and 5 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Youth; African Americans; Altruism; American Studies; Anthropology; Instructional Leadership; Empathy; School Community Relationship; Public Education; Imagination; Interdisciplinary Approach; Ethnography; Drama; Poetry; Inquiry; Criticism; Sociology; Teaching Methods; Reflection; Females; Violence; Singing; Migrants; Males; Psychological Patterns

Abstract:
"Writings of Healing and Resistance: Empathy and the Imagination-Intellect" is a multi-authored, interdisciplinary journey. It continues the work started in Public Education and the Imagination-Intellect (Peter Lang, 2003) by extending the importance of empathy in developing an action-based social consciousness. Mary E. Weems doesn't argue for a specific way of pursuing an empathy connected to mind, body, and spirit: She acknowledges that just as artists work in various media, each with their own process for sharing how they think and feel about a particular topic or moment, each individual may arrive in their own way at a deep, spiritual, close identification with the experiences of the other. "Writings of Healing and Resistance" encompasses a variety of forms: autoethnography, ethnodrama, poetic inquiry, and critical essay, as well as scholars' work in a number of disciplines including communications, cultural studies, sociology, anthropology, educational leadership, African American studies, and cultural foundations. This book contains the following: (1) Introduction: Hope, Pedagogy and the Imagination-Intellect (Norman K. Denzin); (2) One Love: Empathy and the Imagination-Intellect (Mary E. Weems); (3) A Space for Imagination: The Power of Group Process and Reflective Writing to Cultivate Empathy for Self and Others (Susan V. Iverson); (4) Anarchic Thinking in Acupuncture's Origins: The Body as a Site for Cultivating Imagination-Intellect (Mitra Emad); (5) Call and Response: Writing to Answer the Urge of a Bruised Spirit (Dominique C. Hill); (6) The Kindness of [Medical] Strangers: An Ethnopoetic Account of Embodiment, Empathy, and Engagement (Elyse Pineau); (7) The Poetics of Black Mother-Womanhood (Amira Davis); (8) Stop in the Name of: An Auto/ethnographic Response to Violence against Black Women (Mary E. Weems); (9) A Telephone Call (Norman K. Denzin); (10) Tell It: A Contemporary Chorale for Black Youth Voices (Durrell Callier); (11) Tasseography as a Healing Practice: Education in a Post-Racial Classroom (Akil Houston); (12) What Does It Mean to Be a Nigger in the Academy? (Mary E. Weems); (13) Migrant Stories: Searching for Healing in Autoethnographies of Diaspora (Marcelo Diversi and Claudio Moreira); and (14) In Trouble: Desire, Deleuze, and the Middle-Aged Man (Jonathan Wyatt). Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Motivation; Self Efficacy; Emotional Response; Social Environment; Video Technology; Imagination; Environmental Influences; Psychological Patterns; College Students; Creative Thinking; Thinking Skills; Creativity

Abstract:
The present study explored which environmental and psychological variables influenced the imagination of video/film major university students, and the effects these variables had on their imaginative capability development. The hypothesis of the study--that "intrinsic motivation" played a mediating role in imaginative capability development--was partially supported. The structural model also showed that both "inspiration through action" and "self-efficacy" demonstrated positive, direct effects on reproductive imagination, while "negative emotion" had a negative, direct effect. Creative imagination was positively influenced by "inspiration through action," but negatively influenced by "negative emotion." In addition, "organizational measure," "social climate," "generative cognition," "positive emotion," "inspiration through action," and "self-efficacy" had significant and indirect effects on both types of imagination. (Contains 2 figures and 5 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Autism; Brain; Neurological Impairments; Anatomy; Screening Tests; Correlation; Imagination; Brain Hemisphere Functions

Abstract:
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have numerous etiologies, including structural brain malformations such as agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC). We sought to directly measure the occurrence of autism traits in a cohort of individuals with AgCC and to investigate the neural underpinnings of this association. We screened a large AgCC cohort (n = 106) with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and found that 45 % of children, 35 % of adolescents, and 18 % of adults exceeded the predetermined autism-screening cut-off. Interestingly, performance on the AQ's imagination domain was inversely correlated with magnetoencephalography measures of resting-state functional connectivity in the right superior temporal gyrus. Individuals with AgCC should be screened for ASD and disorders of the corpus callosum should be considered in autism diagnostic evaluations as well. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Ethics; International Education; Curriculum; Universities; Models; Intellectual Disciplines; Educational Change; Educational Research; Imagination; College Faculty; Reflection; Faculty Development; Foreign Countries

Abstract:
Internationalization of the curriculum provides challenges and opportunities for academic staff and institutions. This article reports on research undertaken in 2010-2011, which engaged academic staff in different disciplines and universities in the process of exploring and making explicit the meaning of internationalization of the curriculum in their disciplines. One of the outcomes of the research was a five-stage model of the process of internationalization of the curriculum. A critical part of the process involved small groups of staff discussing existing paradigms within their disciplines, questioning "what we believe" in relation to the curriculum and student learning and imagining and negotiating new possibilities. The article argues that internationalization of the curriculum should be a planned, developmental, and cyclical process and that employing the imagination is an essential part of the process of internationalization of the curriculum in any discipline. (Contains 1 figure.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Concept Formation; Recognition (Achievement); Psychology; Cognitive Development; Imagination; Awards; Biographies; Mathematical Concepts; Cognitive Processes; Thinking Skills; Evolution; Theories

Abstract:
Presents a short biography of one of the winners of the American Psychological Association's Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology (2012). Thomas L. Griffiths won the award for bringing mathematical precision to the deepest questions in human learning, reasoning, and concept formation. In his pioneering work, Thomas L. Griffiths has used probabilistic models and Bayesian learning methods to illuminate an extraordinarily wide range of problems in areas including causal reasoning, high-level hierarchical thinking, cultural evolution, theory formation, and cognitive development while also showing that thinking probabilistically can provide a genuine resolution of the age-old tension between nativism and empiricism. His rigorous mathematical and computational abilities are accompanied by an immensely creative imagination, a sure sense of the important problem, and an unerring touch for the right experiment. Griffith's Award citation and a selected biblography are also presented here. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Memory; Cognitive Processes; Problem Solving; Simulation; Imagination; Retention (Psychology)

Abstract:
Memory serves critical functions in everyday life but is also prone to error. This article examines adaptive constructive processes, which play a functional role in memory and cognition but can also produce distortions, errors, and illusions. The article describes several types of memory errors that are produced by adaptive constructive processes and focuses in particular on the process of imagining or simulating events that might occur in one's personal future. Simulating future events relies on many of the same cognitive and neural processes as remembering past events, which may help to explain why imagination and memory can be easily confused. The article considers both pitfalls and adaptive aspects of future event simulation in the context of research on planning, prediction, problem solving, mind-wandering, prospective and retrospective memory, coping and positivity bias, and the interconnected set of brain regions known as the default network. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Popular Culture; Scientific Concepts; Social Problems; Imagination; Obesity; Teaching Methods; Body Weight; Educational Sociology; Didacticism; Health Behavior; Health Related Fitness; Mass Media Use

Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to show how to use popular culture as a method of teaching scientific concepts. Specifically, the reality-television program The Biggest Loser is used as an example for teaching the concept of the sociological imagination by illustrating the disconnect between personal solutions for weight loss and the demands of solving the social issue of the obesity epidemic.

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Descriptors:
English (Second Language); Feedback (Response); Beginning Teachers; Learning Theories; Learning Experience; Second Language Instruction; Communities of Practice; Teacher Educators; Imagination; Preservice Teachers; Second Language Learning; Preservice Teacher Education; Self Concept; Interviews; Teacher Attitudes; Observation; Language Teachers

Abstract:
This article presents the findings of an impact study of a short teacher training course in teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL). Impact is conceptualised as teacher learning, particularly perceived achievements in learning, evidenced in the ways teachers talk about their work in TESOL. The theoretical framework for the research draws on sociocultural theories of learning, particularly situated learning theory and identity formation within communities of practice. In making these links and relating them to a specific programme for teachers in TESOL, this article furthers understanding of how teachers learn in a preservice course in ways which translate to readiness for work. The analysis of interview data from 27 novice teachers in their first months at work reflects a positive and intense learning experience on the course, which establishes both confidence and a clear idea of what the TESOL task involves. The authors relate these findings in the data to the construct of "furnished imagination": the combination of knowledge, procedural awareness and skills, dispositions, and identity which the teachers take from the course as the conceptual toolkit for work in TESOL. The imagination is furnished through the intense, iterated cycles of input, observation, performance, and feedback as well as through interactions with admired teacher educators. (Contains 2 tables and 5 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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