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Nurses; Home Visits; Attitudes; Compliance (Legal); Legal Responsibility; Documentation; Case Records; Confidential Records; Family Violence; Interpersonal Relationship; Child Abuse; Law Enforcement; Theory Practice Relationship

Abstract:
In the United States, there is an ongoing debate about requiring health care professionals to report intimate partner violence (IPV) to law enforcement agencies. A comprehensive examination of the perspectives of those required to report abuse is critical, as their roles as mandated reporters often pose legal, practical, moral, and ethical questions. Even so, the perspective of health care professionals who are required to report is often overlooked and research is scarce on mandated reporters who work outside of clinical settings, such as nurses who engage in home visitation with clients. The purpose of this study was to examine nurse home visitors' perspectives regarding the mandatory reporting of IPV, specifically focusing on their attitudes toward reporting, perceived awareness of reporting requirements, and intended reporting behaviors. A web-based survey was administered to nurses in the Nurse-Family Partnership home visitation program across the United States. A total of 532 completed surveys were returned (response rate = 49%). In terms of support for reporting IPV, 40% of nurses indicated that they should "always" be required to report. Almost half of the sample indicated that they would report a case of IPV, yet less than one-third of participants were aware of a legal mandate. Attitudes and support toward reporting as well as the perception of a reporting requirement significantly predicted intention to report. Furthermore, 29% of participants did not know if they were required to report IPV perpetrated against their clients. Comprehensive information about mandatory reporting duties is needed for health care professionals in home visitation settings. The findings of the current study highlight the need to reduce variation among practitioners and establish consistent program practices that are grounded in the program's principals, supported by existing research, and compliant with existing state policies. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Academic Libraries; Internet; Reading Habits; Influence of Technology; Science and Society; Mass Media Effects; Mass Media Use; Information Policy; Library Administration; Library Services; Library Development; Privacy; Confidential Records; Disclosure; Information Security; Access to Information; Confidentiality

Abstract:
Colleges share many things on Twitter, but one topic can be risky to broach: the reading habits of library patrons. Patrons' privacy is precious to most librarians. Yet new Web services thrive on collecting and sharing the very information that has long been protected. This points to an emerging tension as libraries embrace digital services. Historically, libraries have been staunch defenders of patrons' privacy. Yet to embrace many aspects of the modern Internet, which has grown more social and personalized, libraries will need to "tap into and encourage increased flows of personal information from their patrons," says the privacy-and-social-media scholar Michael Zimmer. But as librarians expand digital services, they face "a Faustian bargain," warns Mr. Zimmer, an assistant professor in the School of Information Studies at the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee. In a forthcoming paper, he writes that librarians may decide that "the benefits of these advanced data-based services outweigh the traditional protection of patron privacy." Now the Web has put privacy in flux, and the lines are fuzzy as to what trade-offs libraries should make. When should data be used? When should the information be shielded? One option is to use systems that allow patrons to opt in to libraries' tracking such activities as their previous checkouts. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Federal Legislation; Records (Forms); Student Records; Confidential Records; Privacy; Information Policy; Student Rights

Abstract:
Back to school--an annual ritual that includes buying new notebooks, packing lunches, coordinating transportation, and filling out forms: registration forms, health forms, permission slips, and emergency contact forms, to name a few. Many school forms require personal and, sometimes, sensitive information. In the wrong hands, this information can be used to commit fraud in your child's name. There are laws that help safeguard your child's and your family's personal information. This paper presents tips on how parents can protect their child's personal information at school. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Literacy; Internet; Social Networks; Library Instruction; Library Services; Best Practices; Consciousness Raising; Information Security; Online Systems; Confidential Records

Abstract:
A diverse group, account-based services include a wide variety of sites commonly used by patrons, including online shopping sites, social networks, photo- and video-sharing sites, banking and financial sites, government services, and cloud-based storage. Whether or not a piece of information is obtainable online must be considered when creating password-recovery answers for each account. The linking of disparate accounts by third-party data miners through common usernames and public information, with the ability to tie online accounts together into a coherent, single profile, needs to be discussed with patrons. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Access to Information; Automation; Information Networks; Information Policy; Information Security; Computer Security; Confidential Records; Computer System Design; Programming Languages; Information Management

Abstract:
Whenever thousands of users need to connect seamlessly to a vast number of online resources, identity management (IDM) becomes a critical capability. Although several products on the market can deliver a robust identity management solution, there is no one-size-fits-all. Identity management requires business processes and a supporting infrastructure necessary for the creation, maintenance, and use of digital identities. As all people become more reliant on the Internet and technology to give them access to information, it's vital that districts have in place processes to ensure the appropriate users are able to access the appropriate information. A good identity management solution can benefit every district by providing faster access to resources, better adaptability to ever-changing needs, faster processing of service requests, tighter security controls, lower cost through task automation, better enforcement of security rules, and an overall automation that gives users more control to manage their own identities while freeing up central office resources. However, the most important benefit of having an effective identity management solution is the ability to easily add single sign-on (SSO) to the environment. For users who access a variety of applications and hardware, a robust SSO solution can save hours on login verifications, password resets, and complex reconfigurations. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Higher Education; Access to Information; Governance; Governing Boards; Administrator Responsibility; Information Policy; Administrative Policy; Accountability; Case Records; Confidential Records; Confidentiality; Disclosure

Abstract:
In an era of demands for greater accountability in higher education, an increasingly polarized political environment, and scandals such as that at Penn State, access to information is becoming everyone's business, affecting public and independent institutions alike. Although Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) demands are often annoying or burdensome, and occasionally downright disruptive, colleges and universities ought never to view themselves as being above scrutiny. Greater transparency is a core value of academic governance, as much for independent as for public boards, albeit subject to different expectations. As boards consider this complex terrain, they should keep in mind that FOIA laws among the states are not uniform or consistent, that state mandates for public records and meetings are relatively new and not a constitutional imperative, that FOIA requests differ from requests for other government records, and that motive or purpose for the FOIA request is unimportant. Three significant issues involving public-records laws remain ripe for further inquiry: (1) whether the names of presidential candidates may be exempt from FOIA requests; (2) whether the records of donations to university-related foundations may be made public; and (3) whether independent institutions are exempt from FOIA requests. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Teacher Evaluation; Access to Information; Disclosure; Legal Responsibility; Teacher Effectiveness; Confidential Records; Confidentiality; State Legislation; Mass Media Role

Abstract:
As the movement to overhaul teacher evaluation marches onward, an emerging question is splitting the swath of advocates who support the new tools used to gauge teacher performance: Who should get access to the resulting information? Supporters of typing teacher evaluations to student performance differ over whether individuals' results should be made public. As evidenced in recently published opinion pieces, the contours of the debate are rapidly being drawn. Some proponents of using student-achievement data as a component of teacher evaluations, including the philanthropist Bill Gates and Teach For America founder Wendy Kopp, nevertheless believe that such information should not be made widely public. Other figures, like New York City Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, champion the broad dissemination of such data. The debate is poised to grow noisier, as news organizations continue to pursue teacher-performance information. An "Education Week" review shows that access to teachers' evaluation results is permissible under open-records laws in at least 18 states plus the District of Columbia, though they are often unclear as to specifics. An additional 19 states do not allow such access, while the other states require teacher or third-party approval. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Foreign Countries; Social Networks; Web Sites; Role; Adolescents; Student Attitudes; Young Adults; Case Studies; Decision Making; Privacy; Confidential Records; Use Studies; Self Disclosure (Individuals); Student Motivation; Social Influences; Asians

Abstract:
Facebook has become one of the most popular social network sites among many students. However, current research on Facebook use has focused mainly on Anglo-American students. Relatively little is known about Facebook use in Singapore. Data were collected from 83 students (ages ranged from 15 to 23). This study uses a naturalistic case study wherein the students' decision to use Facebook is a personal decision and on a voluntarily basis; their participation is not a required or graded component. The specific objectives of the study are first, to examine Singapore students' motives for using Facebook; second, to investigate the types of friends they communicated with on Facebook; and third, to examine how students manage their privacy on the social networking site. Findings suggested that the current sample of Singapore students used Facebook primarily for non-educational purposes. Specifically, Facebook was used to maintain relationships with existing known friends such as former or current schoolmates. Respondents also reported using Facebook for entertainment purposes and to vent their emotions. No respondent reported using Facebook for educational purposes. The most common strategy for privacy protection utilized by the respondents was to decrease profile information visibility through restricting access to only known friends. Educational implications of the findings as well as suggestions for future research are provided. (Contains 1 table.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Academic Freedom; Confidentiality; Court Litigation; Foreign Countries; Historians; Researchers; Interviews; Confidential Records; Access to Information; Video Technology; Resource Materials; Documentaries

Abstract:
The author reports on a legal battle over oral-history records housed at Boston College that casts light on how little legal weight pledges of confidentiality to research subjects actually have. As a federal court weighs whether to let the federal government seize, and hand over to British authorities, the college's records of confidential interviews with participants in the conflict in Northern Ireland, experts on law related to academic freedom are asking not whether the records can be kept secret, but whether the researchers erred in saying they could. Although the dispute is unusual in that it involves an international treaty between the United States and Britain, leading oral historians say a court decision ordering Boston College to turn over the records could undermine many other such studies, by prompting potential interview subjects to refuse involvement or to censor themselves. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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School Security; School Districts; School Administration; Central Office Administrators; Video Technology; Photography; Confidential Records; Access to Information; Drug Use Testing; Legal Responsibility

Abstract:
The nature of school security has changed dramatically over the last decade. Schools employ various measures, from metal detectors to identification badges to drug testing, to promote the safety and security of staff and students. One of the increasingly prevalent measures is the use of security cameras. In fact, the U.S. Department of Education reported that more than half of all public schools used security cameras during the 2007-2008 school year to monitor students, a 30 percent increase over eight years prior. While security cameras can be useful in addressing and deterring violence and other misconduct, they also raise several legal issues that can leave school administrators in a quandary. In this article, the author outlines the overriding legal principles, common traps for the unwary and practical considerations. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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