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Descriptors:
Internship Programs; Business Administration Education; Experiential Learning; Federal Legislation; Compliance (Legal); Minimum Wage; Civil Rights Legislation; Court Litigation; Ethics

Abstract:
The concept of serving an apprenticeship as a means of training skilled workers dates to the Middle Ages. Apprenticeships in the Middle Ages and during the Renaissance were typically seven years in duration, in order to ensure that the masters recouped their investment and that the apprentice was given sufficient time to become skilled and not simply exploited as cheap labor. The experience arguably imparted not only artisan skills, but also the tacit skills needed for professional success, such as informed intuition, judgment under pressure, ease with clients, and problem-solving abilities, skills that often improve with experience. Recently, however, the apprenticeship system is reemerging as a promising model for improving job skills, particularly in the "Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics" (STEM) fields. Currently, numerous Web sites match prospective interns to prospective positions. While today apprenticeships are typically paid positions, unpaid internships also provide a vehicle for developing both tacit and job-related skills. This article examines the pedagogical, legal, and ethical issues concerning unpaid internships and their implication for business education for the student, the employer, and the educational institution. The recent enforcement efforts by the Labor Department against employers that illegally fail to pay interns makes this a particularly timely discussion to guide all parties involved in internships. (Contains 179 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Federal Programs; Homeless People; Change Strategies; Program Implementation; Technical Assistance; Welfare Services; Eligibility; Compliance (Legal); Federal Regulation

Abstract:
The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) recently announced the release of its 2010 Notice of Funding Availability for the Homeless Assistance Programs that it administers. As a result of the passage of the HEARTH Act, there are four new requirements for HUD-funded homeless service programs related to education. These requirements, and suggestions for implementing them, are described in this NAEHCY document. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Academic Libraries; Best Practices; Librarians; Management Systems; Information Systems; Computer Software; Compliance (Legal); Higher Education

Abstract:
In this article, the author discusses the future potential of electronic resources management (ERM) organization, within the development of the next-generation integrated library systems (ILS), as a very promising strategy. This also presents enormous challenges to ERM librarians though, especially on how to determine standards and workflows. The author's premise is to look beyond the way librarians might manage locally at their libraries or the ways they feel most comfortable to the larger landscape for more effective solutions. She discusses expanded approaches to ERM work when planning for these solutions. Ultimately, understanding historical pitfalls and pushing to develop prevailing system standards based on workflow best practices may lead to more effective solutions. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Labor Legislation; Employment Patterns; Labor; Labor Market; Minimum Wage; Equal Opportunities (Jobs); Economic Change; Employees; Surveys; Sampling; Role; Correlation; Industry; Salaries; Guidelines; Compliance (Legal); Competition; Costs

Abstract:
Despite three decades of scholarship on economic restructuring in the United States, employers' violations of minimum wage, overtime and other workplace laws remain understudied. This article begins to fill the gap by presenting evidence from a large-scale, original worker survey that draws on recent advances in sampling methodology to reach vulnerable workers. Our findings suggest that in America's three largest cities, violations of employment and labor laws are pervasive across low-wage industries and occupations, affecting a wide range of workers. But while worker characteristics are correlated with violations, job and employer characteristics play the stronger role, including industry, occupation and measures of informality and nonstandard work. We therefore propose a framework in which employers' noncompliance with labor regulations is one axis of a competitive strategy based on labor cost reduction, contributing to the reorganization of work and production in the 21st century labor market. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Ethics; Library Services; Confidentiality; Staff Development; Inservice Education; Library Administration; Library Personnel; Library Policy; Work Ethic; Moral Values; Ethical Instruction; Values Education; Information Policy; Vignettes; Compliance (Legal)

Abstract:
Every U.S. state and the District of Columbia has a law on the books that protects a library borrower's privacy, both an ethical and legal obligation of the library. In addition, FERPA further restricts access to users' records. Getting the message across to staff can be a challenge, especially if you employ students or volunteers who may not share your strongly held sense of professional responsibility or nuanced appreciation. Using scenarios, or minicase studies, based on real-life experiences to generate discussion and expand the scope of their understanding can be a very effective way to transmit the message. This article outlines the method used at Penn State University Libraries to instruct frontline staff on policy, law, and the ethics of protecting the confidentiality and privacy of library users. Pedagogy of case study is discussed. Advice on designing a training session and examples are provided. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Public Health; Physical Activities; Foreign Countries; Young Adults; Recreational Programs; Homeless People; Focus Groups; Disadvantaged Youth; At Risk Persons; Compliance (Legal); Safety Equipment; Motor Vehicles

Abstract:
Participation in sporting or recreational programs can be unattainable for many disadvantaged young people. Encouraging regular cycling is an important public health strategy to increase participation in physical activity and expand personal transport options for marginalised youth. Perceptions and attitudes toward cycling were explored in eight focus groups, involving 47 young people who were experiencing or at risk of homelessness in central and south-western Sydney, Australia. The benefits of cycling for physical activity, personal transport, independence and social inclusion were recognised. Barriers to regular cycling included compliance with mandatory helmet legislation; a lack of cycling skills and experience; a paucity of cycling infrastructure and reliance on cars for personal transport; and access to affordable bicycles and equipment. A comprehensive multi-strategic approach that engages marginalised young people is required to improve access and enable increased participation in cycling activities. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Nurses; Home Visits; Attitudes; Compliance (Legal); Legal Responsibility; Documentation; Case Records; Confidential Records; Family Violence; Interpersonal Relationship; Child Abuse; Law Enforcement; Theory Practice Relationship

Abstract:
In the United States, there is an ongoing debate about requiring health care professionals to report intimate partner violence (IPV) to law enforcement agencies. A comprehensive examination of the perspectives of those required to report abuse is critical, as their roles as mandated reporters often pose legal, practical, moral, and ethical questions. Even so, the perspective of health care professionals who are required to report is often overlooked and research is scarce on mandated reporters who work outside of clinical settings, such as nurses who engage in home visitation with clients. The purpose of this study was to examine nurse home visitors' perspectives regarding the mandatory reporting of IPV, specifically focusing on their attitudes toward reporting, perceived awareness of reporting requirements, and intended reporting behaviors. A web-based survey was administered to nurses in the Nurse-Family Partnership home visitation program across the United States. A total of 532 completed surveys were returned (response rate = 49%). In terms of support for reporting IPV, 40% of nurses indicated that they should "always" be required to report. Almost half of the sample indicated that they would report a case of IPV, yet less than one-third of participants were aware of a legal mandate. Attitudes and support toward reporting as well as the perception of a reporting requirement significantly predicted intention to report. Furthermore, 29% of participants did not know if they were required to report IPV perpetrated against their clients. Comprehensive information about mandatory reporting duties is needed for health care professionals in home visitation settings. The findings of the current study highlight the need to reduce variation among practitioners and establish consistent program practices that are grounded in the program's principals, supported by existing research, and compliant with existing state policies. (Contains 3 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Educational Attainment; Measures (Individuals); Social Work; School Social Workers; Factor Structure; Disadvantaged Youth; Homeless People; Program Implementation; Program Validation; Knowledge Level; Familiarity; Test Reliability; Test Validity; Federal Legislation; Social Services; Psychometrics; Item Analysis; Rating Scales; At Risk Students; Compliance (Legal)

Abstract:
Objective: The McKinney-Vento Act (MVA) is the primary federal policy addressing homelessness in America with specific mandates designed to ameliorate the effects homelessness has on educational attainment for school-age children. The extent to which this policy is implemented may have far-reaching effects for homeless children. The MVA Implementation Scale (MVAIS) was developed for the purpose of providing a tool for assessing school-based social services personnel's perceived knowledge and awareness of implementation of the MVA within their service areas. This study tests the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the 26-item instrument. Method: Data were collected from a purposive sample of school social workers (N = 201) attending a Mid-Western regional conference in order to examine the reliability and the validity of this measure. Results: The hypothesized factor structures were confirmed. Findings also indicated high levels of reliability among items, as well as initial evidence of instrument validity. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that the MVAIS adequately measures participant's perceived implementation of the MVA. Future implications for research and practice are discussed. (Contains 8 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Substance Abuse; Antisocial Behavior; Personality Traits; Test Validity; Court Litigation; Scores; Behavior Problems; Delinquency; Aggression; At Risk Persons; Rehabilitation; Compliance (Legal); Gender Differences; Correlation; Age Differences; Educational Attainment; Marital Status; Employment Level; Psychological Evaluation

Abstract:
We examined the ability of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008) substantive scales to predict Drug Court treatment completion in a sample of individuals identified as being at risk for failure to complete the program. Higher scores on MMPI-2-RF scales Behavior/Externalizing Dysfunction, Antisocial Behavior, Aberrant Experiences, Juvenile Conduct Problems, Aggression, and Disconstraint-Revised were associated with increased risk for failure to complete treatment. These results are consistent with previous findings (O'Reilly, 2007; Sellbom, Ben-Porath, Baum, Erez, & Gregory, 2008) regarding treatment completion. Gender was also found to be associated with treatment completion, with females being more likely to complete the Drug Court program than males. Zero-order correlations and relative risk analyses indicated that the MMPI-2-RF can provide useful information regarding risk factors for failure to complete Drug Court treatment. Limitations and future directions are discussed. (Contains 2 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Corporations; Proprietary Schools; Institutional Mission; College Administration; Institutional Characteristics; Credibility; Educational Quality; Accountability; Compliance (Legal); Change Strategies; Organizational Change; Organizational Theories

Abstract:
"Doing well by doing good" is the business mantra of the for-profit-college industry. But one does not have to look far to find people who question the slogan's sincerity or the very legitimacy of that model. And that was even before reports of some companies' abusive student-recruiting practices and questionable educational standards fed a public sense that the billions in federal dollars flowing into these colleges may be benefiting their owners more than their students--much less taxpayers. For-profit colleges are not going to disappear. Still, even more so than higher education as a whole, the colleges do have a credibility problem. No law or policy can change a college hellbent on cutting corners to make a buck. But what if there were for-profit colleges organized as "benefit corporations" or "low-profit" limited-liability corporations? The author reports on a new business model that could make it easier for proprietary colleges to de-emphasize profits for the sake of their academic missions. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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