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Descriptors:
Building Design; Buildings; Camping; Energy Conservation; Facilities; Facility Planning; Financial Support; Long Range Planning; Maintenance; Participative Decision Making; Recordkeeping; Surveys

Abstract:
A camp maintenance survey was completed by maintenance personnel from 99 camps. Results highlighted several important considerations: ensuring sufficient maintenance funds for aging infrastructure, including camp/property personnel in decision making, publicizing completed maintenance projects, examining long-term needs of the land, and adopting green building principles. (TD)

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Camping; Cultural Awareness; Cultural Pluralism; Multicultural Education; Outdoor Education; Outdoor Leadership; Risk Management; Staff Development; Training Needs

Abstract:
Within 30 years, European American people will be the minority population in the United States. Yet, cultural incompetency is pervasive in today's society. The camping and outdoor education professions must pay as much attention to cultural concerns as to technical aspects of their work. Safe places for all can be created by being knowledgeable about cultural differences. (TD)

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Behavior Development; Camping; Caregiver Child Relationship; Child Behavior; Child Development; Child Psychology; Environmental Influences; Nature Nurture Controversy; Resilience (Personality); Socialization; Socioeconomic Status; Staff Development

Abstract:
Four studies in child development show that children socialize parents as much as parents socialize children. Child development is a function of biological maturation and child-environment interaction. The most important determinants of resiliency are caregiver quality and socioeconomic status. Implications for camp are discussed, the most important of which is having the same staff from year to year. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Adolescents; Adventure Education; Camping; Cooperative Planning; Group Dynamics; Outdoor Leadership; Safety; Security (Psychology); Self Esteem; Social Environment; Staff Development; Training Needs

Abstract:
An emotionally safe environment helps campers participate in adventure activities. Staff development tips for creating a safe environment include using cooperative goal setting; using parallel training processes; developing working lesson plans that outline facilitation techniques for creating emotionally safe environments; and using co-created metaphorical stories, mission statements, plays, badges, clothing, and banners to uphold emotional safety during adventure activities. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Administrative Policy; Adolescents; Bisexuality; Camping; Homosexuality; Lesbianism; Policy Formation; Safety; Sexual Orientation; Social Bias; Social Environment; Staff Development

Abstract:
The arrival of an openly non-heterosexual camper caused a North Carolina camp to reexamine its policies. Challenges facing gay, lesbian, bisexual, and questioning (GLBQ) youths are discussed, and nine ideas for creating a safe environment for all campers and staff are described. Four resources for camp professionals on GLBQ youth are presented. (TD)

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Descriptors:
Art Education; Arts Centers; Camping; Childrens Art; Community Cooperation; Creativity; Economic Impact; Experiential Learning; Program Descriptions; Rural Areas; Rural Development

Abstract:
In western North Carolina, 24 summer camps, business leaders, and a local community arts council collaborated on a project celebrating the visual and performing arts created by campers. Campers' art in every media was displayed in Hendersonville to highlight the benefits of summer camps to the community, including their economic, educational, cultural, artistic, and environmental contributions. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Camping; Environmental Education; Field Trips; High Schools; Integrated Curriculum; Interdisciplinary Approach; Outdoor Education; Relevance (Education); Secondary School Curriculum; Student Development; Urban Youth

Abstract:
At Balboa High School (San Francisco, California), the Wilderness Arts and Literacy Collaborative (WALC) is a 2-year environmental education program that takes an interdisciplinary, hands-on approach to learning. WALC integrates regular weekend camping trips in wilderness areas with lessons in American history, literature, and environmental sciences, connecting students with their education and helping them find a sense of place. (SV) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Adolescents; Camping; Children; Chronic Illness; Individual Development; Interpersonal Competence; Program Effectiveness; Role Models; Self Esteem; Social Environment; Social Support Groups

Abstract:
A study of 66 children with cancer and 43 siblings attending the Ronald McDonald Camp found that disease-specific camps allow children membership in a community of peers, which enhances self-esteem and social acceptance. A separate, longitudinal study of 38 beginning and experienced campers found that campers' intrapersonal and interpersonal growth resulted from the camp environment. Discusses implications for camp. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Camping; Grievance Procedures; Legal Responsibility; Personnel Management; Personnel Policy; Safety; Sexual Harassment; Staff Development; Work Environment

Abstract:
Employers are responsible for sexual harassment perpetrated by a supervisor. Camps may be responsible for sexual harassment between campers. Steps to reduce liability include providing multiple channels for reporting sexual harassment; having written policies prohibiting sexual harassment and procedures for reporting it; posting these policies and procedures in staff areas; and teaching staff to look out for sexual harassment. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Camping; Caregiver Child Relationship; Child Behavior; Child Development; Child Psychology; Context Effect; Cultural Influences; Imitation; Parenting Styles; Role Models; Socialization

Abstract:
Three child psychology studies illustrate that although behavior can be shaped by rewards and punishments, children also learn through imitating adult role models. When parents combine control and warmth, children are more independent, responsible, and content than when either control or warmth is absent. Human behavior is influenced by context and culture. Applications to the camp setting are discussed. (TD) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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