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Pub Date: |
2004-02-01 |
Pub Type(s): |
Journal Articles; Reports - Research |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Older Adults; Urban Areas; Patients; Risk; Diabetes; Body Composition; Prevention; Intervention; Health; Medical Services; Heart Disorders
Abstract:
Purpose: In our study, we sought to improve the accuracy of predicting the risk of hospitalization and to identify older, inner-city patients who could be targeted for preventive interventions. Design and Methods: Participants (56% were African American) in a randomized trial were from a primary care practice and included 1,041 patients living in the inner city who were either [greater than or equal to] 75 years of age or were [greater than or equal to] 50 years of age with severe disease. As a secondary analysis, we assessed patient characteristics at baseline involving five domains of health, including utilization and satisfaction. We followed participants for 12 months and recorded the occurrence of nonelective hospitalization within the study period. We developed a multivariate model using logistic regression to predict this outcome. Results: The following patient characteristics independently predicted an increased risk for nonelective hospitalization: having the diagnosis of congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, or anemia; and having more medications prescribed, having a lower body mass index, and having more emergency department visits during the previous year. Better physical functioning reduced the risk of hospitalization. Implications: Moderate accuracy of a prediction model (0.73) was observed. In addition to focusing on patients with chronic disease, helping them maintain physical functioning may help reduce nonelective hospitalization.
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Pub Date: |
2003-00-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive |
Peer Reviewed: |
Yes |
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Descriptors:
Personnel Selection; Leadership; Recruitment; Competence; Colleges; Human Resources; School Personnel; Models
Abstract:
As colleges and universities face increased pressure from many directions, HR professionals have an opportunity to strengthen their institutions by recruiting, hiring and training non-academic staff that have the leadership competencies necessary to shepherd the institutions through an era of change. But without a clear model of the optimal leadership competencies, institutions often fall short in their recruitment and hiring efforts. The Higher Education Leadership Competency Model presents 14 attributes shared by the most effective higher education leaders.
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Pub Date: |
2001-08-22 |
Pub Type(s): |
Information Analyses; Numerical/Quantitative Data |
Peer Reviewed: |
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Descriptors:
Demography; Family (Sociological Unit); Homosexuality; Place of Residence; Tables (Data)
Abstract:
This report presents information from the 2000 United States Census on gay and lesbian families. It notes that the 2000 numbers for same-sex unmarried partner households are a dramatic increase from 1990, but the total number still represents an undercount of the actual number of gay or lesbian coupled households in the country. The Human Rights Campaign estimates that the 2000 U.S. Census count of gay and lesbian families could be undercounted by as much as 62 percent. The 2000 Census reported 601,209 total gay and lesbian families (as opposed to 145,130 in 1990), with California, New York, Texas, and Florida leading the country in total number of same-sex unmarried partner households. Gay and lesbian families live in 99.3 percent of all counties in the United States, compared to 52 percent of all counties in 1990. Many gay and lesbian families live outside major metropolitan areas. Census 2000 reports 88,606 or 15 percent of gay and lesbian families are living outside of metropolitan statistical areas in rural settings. As more information is released from the Census Bureau, the number of children living in gay and lesbian coupled households, income levels, racial profiles, home ownership, and other important demographics may be determined. (SM)
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Pub Date: |
1982-07-00 |
Pub Type(s): |
Reports - Research; Speeches/Meeting Papers |
Peer Reviewed: |
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Descriptors:
Cognitive Processes; College Students; Higher Education; News Media; Pacing; Production Techniques; Programing (Broadcast); Recall (Psychology); Recognition (Psychology); Television Research
Abstract:
In television programing, pacing is generally defined as the relative speed with which a program appears to progress or the rate at which its material is presented. A study examined whether a fast-paced news show would produce a higher degree of accurate recall of content than would a slow paced program, and whether differences in pacing would affect the degree of accurate recognition of program content. Sixty-two college students were randomly assigned to two counter-balanced presentation sequences where they saw two specially constructed program segments, one fast paced, one slow paced. Pacing had been determined by a researcher-designed program pacing value scale. After viewing each segment, the subjects completed recall and recognition measures. In addition, after viewing both segments, the subjects completed an instrument that asked them to compare the effectiveness of each segment and to list differences, if any, they perceived in the pacing of the two. The findings suggest that pacing could be a major factor in recall of program content and that faster pacing resulted in greater recall of television news. (A copy of the Program Pacing Value Scale is appended.) (FL)
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Pub Date: |
1982-04-16 |
Pub Type(s): |
Reports - Research |
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Descriptors:
Asian Americans; Black Culture; Cultural Context; Cultural Influences; Elementary Education; Ethnography; Family Attitudes; Family Life; Family Relationship; Inner City; Literacy; Reading Research; Reading Skills
Abstract:
A 2-year study examined the leisure reading of 60 and other language arts instruction in elementary school classrooms in west Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, led to the conclusion that many school practices were based upon assumptions of the out-of-school lives of students that were of questionable accuracy. Consequently, the researchers were asked to describe in as much detail as possible the regular routines of the families with which they were working. The researchers did not establish a research schedule but negotiated a series of contacts based on the mutual obligations of friendship. The result was a set of portraits that constituted a case study in some aspect of the culture of literacy. Although most of the reports describe inner city Black families, two reports look at literacy use among relatively recently arrived Southeast Asians. All of the families are poor, and some are on welfare. All of the families are concerned that their children succeed in school, but not at any cost. Two themes that characterize these portraits are (1) the care with which the families organize themselves to make full use of the resources they have to meet the demands of school and the workplace while living lives of dignity and happiness, and (2) the fear that they may not be doing everything they should or could be. The typical posture of a family is, "we will do everything we can to meet the school's demands: however, we will not sacrifice those things that give meaning and dignity to us. School success isn't the only thing important for our children to experience." (HOD)
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