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Descriptors:
Supply and Demand; Research Libraries; Case Studies; Higher Education; Academic Libraries; Periodicals; Publications; Budgets; Budgeting; Retrenchment; Sciences; Access to Information; Electronic Publishing; Costs; Databases; Libraries; Surveys; Foreign Countries

Abstract:
Like many libraries, Seton Hall University Libraries has suffered budget cuts that forced a reduction in serial subscriptions. As science librarian, I report on my efforts to streamline subscriptions and to address the question "Why are science journals so expensive?" Our science journals are significantly more expensive than journals in other areas. Our commercially published science journals are 25% more expensive than those from non-profit publishers, although the difference is not statistically significant. I discuss the reasons for the high cost of science journals, which involve a complex interaction between supply and demand and academic culture. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Higher Education; Educational Finance; Costs; Tuition; State Policy; Public Policy; Productivity; Expenditure per Student; College Attendance; Government Role; Resource Allocation; Educational Policy; Educational Trends; Trend Analysis; Educational Change; Health Services; Health Care Costs; Federal Aid; Foreign Countries

Abstract:
Rapid increases in what colleges charge and what they spend per student have been and remain one of the most controversial aspects of American higher education. Tuition, fees, and other college charges have increased in both the public and private sectors at more than twice the rate of inflation for over a quarter century. Trends over time in what colleges and universities spend per student are harder to discern because recent changes in accounting conventions have made it difficult to compare spending patterns. This report seeks to examine the extent to which public policies at both the federal and state levels have shaped these trends in price and cost productivity (measured as spending per student). To accomplish this, the report is divided into the following four sections: (1) A theoretical consideration of how public and private providers meet the demand for higher education; (2) An examination of trends over the past 40 years in what colleges charge, how much they spend per student, and tuition as a percentage of educational costs; (3) A discussion of the various theories that have been put forth for why prices and spending per student have increased so rapidly in the past three decades; and (4) An analysis of the effects public policies may have had on pricing and productivity (measured as spending per student) and a series of suggestions for a series of federal and state policy reforms that could slow the future growth of what colleges charge and spend per student. This paper is one of three in a series on higher education costs. (Contains 11 figures, 3 tables, and 28 notes.) [For "Addressing the Declining Productivity of Higher Education Using Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Stretching the Higher Education Dollar. Special Report 2" see ED541919.] Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Foreign Countries; Reading Habits; Age Differences; Periodicals; Intellectual Experience; Peer Acceptance; Audiences; Specialization; Books; Russian Literature; Change; Publishing Industry; Young Adults; Quality of Life; Postsecondary Education; Social Environment

Abstract:
In this commentary, the author stresses that reading habits in Russia have changed since the Soviet era, and the more intellectual journals and magazines in particular have lost their importance. Audiences for books and magazines have fragmented, and there are fewer sources of commonly shared information and ideas than was true a few decades ago. The author concludes by highlighting the changes in Russia's literary culture of the past twenty years: those who initiated them, and those who blocked them; their direction, rapidity, prospects, and, ultimately, their meaning and significance. (Contains 6 tables and 9 notes.) [This article was translated by Kim Braithwaite.] Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Foreign Countries; Adult Learning; Adult Education; Periodicals; Role; Adult Educators; Trend Analysis; Authors; Reflection; Longitudinal Studies; Content Analysis; Educational Trends; Lifelong Learning; Intellectual Disciplines

Abstract:
In this paper we review fifty years of articles published in Australian Journal of Adult Learning in its various iterations. We examine the different roles of the journal: to illuminate the history and trends of adult education authors; to be the flagship of the adult education profession in Australia; to reflect on significant national events; and to mirror the changing knowledge base of the discipline. We analyse the authorship of the articles over fifty years, and determine patterns in contribution to the journal by gender, location, institutional affiliation and author numbers. We also examine key themes that have surfaced in the writings on adult education. The articles published in the journal are significant because they are primary sources of the day, unfettered by the perspectives, viewpoints and standards of later periods. Our paper serves as a useful looking glass through which we might be able to view more clearly the shifting research interests of the past and the challenges in the future for the adult and community learning sector. (Contains 11 figures and 6 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Printed Materials; Publishing Industry; Publications; Trend Analysis; Annual Reports; Cost Indexes; Costs; Textbook Publication; Textbook Research; Productivity

Abstract:
The print publishing industry is showing signs of recovering from the worst of the economic downturn even as the surge in popularity of ebooks raises questions about the future of printed materials. From a high of 190,502 titles in 2007, overall American book title output fell to 178,841 in 2009 but climbed back to 186,344 in 2010; preliminary figures for 2011 showed a decline but are likely to be revised upward as late-arriving materials are added to the database (publishers were still submitting late 2011 titles in early 2012). The number of titles published dropped by 5.5% in 2008 and 0.66% in 2009. It then rose by 4.2% in 2010 only to fall again by 4.95% in the preliminary figures for 2011. In this article, the authors outline the book title output and average prices from 2008 to 2011. The output is presented according to its format and category. Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Foreign Countries; Periodicals; Educational Research; Journal Articles; Research Methodology; Sex; Authors; Departments; Trend Analysis; Role; Females; Researchers

Abstract:
The articles published in 15 specialist academic journals--based in Australasia, Europe and North America--focusing on higher education in the years 2010 (n = 567) and 2000 (n = 388) are analysed. The analysis focuses on: the themes and issues addressed in the articles published, the methods and methodologies used, theoretical engagement, the level of analysis, and the sex, location and department of the authors. Three main trends are identified over the period 2000-2010: a striking increase in the volume of high quality higher education research being published (outside North America), the increasingly international orientation of the leading higher education research journals (outside North America), and the growing role of women as higher education researchers. (Contains 10 tables.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Foreign Countries; Slums; Educational Development; Case Studies; Educational Trends; Trend Analysis; Equal Education; Program Descriptions; Costs; Educational Quality; Sustainability; Educational Innovation

Abstract:
This paper provides an overview of recent trends in basic education provision in India: charting an impressive expansion of enrolment in public schools but a growing concern with the quality of learning. Concerns around quality are seen as a driving factor in the migration of students from the public sector to low fee private schools. While there is evidence of improved learning amongst some low fee private schools there are also significant concerns around equity. The paper proposes that for the sake of future generations it is necessary to move beyond a polemical focus on state or non-state provision but rather to focus on six core questions about education provision: Is it sound pedagogically? Does it deliver meaningful learning? Is it equitable? Is it scalable? Is it financially viable and Is it sustainable? These questions are explored through a review of "Gyan Shala", an innovative low cost education programme operating in the slums of Gujarat and Bihar. The paper concludes that a better understanding of the dynamic "between" the sectors is needed to ensure effective education planning which will deliver meaningful learning to all. (Contains 1 table.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Higher Education; Educational Finance; Income; Public Policy; Enrollment Trends; Tax Allocation; Tax Effort; Tuition; Trend Analysis; Educational Trends; Predictor Variables; Educational Resources; Statistical Data; State Aid; Resource Allocation; Expenditure per Student; Financial Support; School Support; State Surveys; Comparative Analysis; Interstate Programs; Tables (Data); School Taxes; School Funds; Local Government; State Government; Student Financial Aid; Costs; Operating Expenses; Public Colleges; Medical Schools; Rural Extension; Economic Climate; Educational Policy

Abstract:
The State Higher Education Finance (SHEF) report is produced annually by the State Higher Education Executive Officers (SHEEO) to broaden understanding of the context and consequences of multiple decisions made every year in each of these areas. No single report can provide definitive answers to such broad and fundamental questions of public policy, but the SHEF report provides information to help inform such decisions. The report includes: (1) An Overview and Highlights of national trends and the current status of state funding for higher education; (2) An explanation of the Measures, Methods, and Analytical Tools used in the report; (3) A description of the Revenue Sources and Uses for higher education, including state tax and non-tax revenues, local tax support, tuition revenue, and the proportion of this funding available for general educational support; (4) An analysis of National Trends in Enrollment and Revenue, in particular, changes over time in the public resources available for general operating support; (5) Interstate Comparisons--Making Sense of Many Variables, using tables, charts, and graphs to compare data among states and over time; and (6) Indicators of Relative State Wealth, Tax Effort, and Allocations for Higher Education, along with ways to take these factors into account when making interstate comparisons. The SHEF report provides the earliest possible review of state and local support, tuition revenue, and enrollment trends for the most recent fiscal year. Appended are: (1) Grapevine Media Tables; (2) Glossary of Terms; (3) State Data Providers; and (4) SSDB Collection Instructions. (Contains 12 figures, 13 tables, and 13 footnotes.) [For "State Higher Education Finance FY 2011," see ED530332.] Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
University Presses; Consultants; Research Libraries; Library Services; Librarians; Publishing Industry; Faculty; Periodicals; Publications

Abstract:
This project was originally defined to explore the potential for ARL libraries to provide support to small, print-only publishers in order to ensure long-term digital access to their content. Research library publishing programs vary widely, from posting PDFs in an institutional repository to full-fledged publishing operations. During the life of this project from the summer of 2009 through its conclusion in the fall of 2010, it became apparent to the consultants that many libraries are funded to provide publication support only for titles originating on their own campuses. What emerged from the interviews with all the stakeholders (collection development librarians, journal originators, scholarly communications librarians, and university presses) is the potential greater value that increased communication and collaboration among these institutions could provide, and that the creation and sharing of tools could advance the development of different types of publishing support programs. With publishing going through an evolutionary process, there is a need for creativity. Supporting these developing programs could lead to a network of resources that could leverage opportunities within the academy. This report summarizes what the consultants learned during the project about options that research libraries have for providing publishing support to small, print-based publishers. Recommendations for ARL to consider are given, and supporting documents appear in the Appendices. Appended are: (1) Campus Outreach--Talking Points; (2) Publishing Options Landscape; and (3) Annotated Bibliography. (Contains 1 figure and 9 footnotes.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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Descriptors:
Administrative Organization; Industrial Psychology; Personnel Management; Periodicals; Journal Articles; Classification; Content Analysis; Longitudinal Studies; Coding; Bibliometrics; Citations (References); Incidence; Authors; Praxis; Theories; Field Studies; Simulated Environment; Work Environment; Motivation; Skills; Trend Analysis; Behavioral Science Research

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to extend into a third decade previous reviews conducted by Balcazar, Shupert, Daniels, Mawhinney, and Hopkins (1989) and Nolan, Jarema, and Austin (1999) of the "Journal of Organizational Behavior Management" ("JOBM"). Every article published in "JOBM" between 1998 and 2009 was objectively reviewed and analyzed for trends and patterns. Based on data collected in the current review it was determined that "JOBM" has demonstrated growth and has continued to meet its first objective: "JOBM" would encourage Organizational Behavior Management researchers to conduct thorough research on organizational problems with the hope that the ensuing data and results would be useful to those individuals resolving organizational concerns. The fulfillment of "JOBM's" second and third objectives were identified as possible areas for improvement. Increases in "organizationally relevant" research and in reliability measures, follow-up data, cost/benefit analyses, and social validity measures, and inclusion of executive-level employee participants are recommended. (Contains 2 tables, 19 figures and 1 footnote.) Note:The following two links are not-applicable for text-based browsers or screen-reading software. Show Hide Full Abstract

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